Turtle Lake Township is governed by a three-member Board of Supervisors. The township also has a Town Treasurer and Town Clerk. The supervisors, clerk, and treasurer are all elected positions with four-year terms running in alternative years. The town also has two part-time Road Overseers who are responsible for the maintenance of 24.79 miles of township road. Almost all of the roads are gravel.

The first meeting of the Turtle Lake Township Board of Supervisors occurred on April 3, 1911.